The UK’s competition watchdog has launched a formal investigation into three of the world’s largest hotel groups, Hilton, InterContinental Hotels Group and Marriott International, over concerns they may have shared “competitively sensitive” information through a third-party data analytics platform.
The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) said it is examining whether the hotel operators exchanged commercially sensitive data using STR, a widely used industry benchmarking tool owned by CoStar Group.
Together, the three hotel groups operate more than 25,000 hotels globally, giving the probe significant weight in the international hospitality sector.
Hotel chains routinely use analytics platforms such as STR to track industry metrics including occupancy rates, average daily room prices and revenue per available room (RevPAR). Such tools can help operators adjust pricing in response to demand and competition.
However, the CMA warned that where rival businesses share competitively sensitive information, even indirectly through a third-party provider, it may reduce uncertainty between competitors and risk softening competition.
“When rival businesses share competitively sensitive information, including through a third-party data analytics provider, this reduces the uncertainty competing businesses normally have about how each other will act,” the regulator said.
“This can affect how strongly companies compete because it makes it easier for them to predict what each other will do and coordinate their behaviour.”
The watchdog will now spend up to six months gathering evidence before deciding whether to issue a formal statement of objections.
At this stage, the CMA stressed that no conclusion has been reached and no assumptions should be made about whether competition law has been breached.
Shares in London-listed IHG fell by as much as 5 per cent in early trading on Monday, although the wider travel sector was also under pressure due to geopolitical tensions in the Middle East.
In the US, Hilton and Marriott shares each fell around 3 per cent, while CoStar, which has a market value of more than $18 billion, dropped approximately 2 per cent.
IHG and Hilton both confirmed they were cooperating fully with the CMA’s investigation. CoStar said it was surprised by the regulator’s interest in what it described as a “longstanding hotel data analytics and benchmarking platform” that has been used by companies and government bodies for decades.
Marriott did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
If the CMA concludes that competition rules have been breached, it has the power to impose fines of up to 10 per cent of a company’s global annual turnover.
The regulator can also offer immunity or reduced penalties to companies that report cartel activity early and cooperate with investigations.
The probe forms part of the CMA’s broader scrutiny of how digital tools and algorithms are used in pricing decisions across sectors.
The watchdog has increasingly focused on the intersection of competition law and technology, warning that algorithmic pricing systems, while potentially efficiency-enhancing, must not facilitate anti-competitive coordination.
The hospitality investigation comes amid a series of high-profile competition cases in recent years.
In November, the CMA opened investigations into eight companies over online pricing practices. Last year, seven major UK housebuilders agreed to contribute £100 million to affordable housing initiatives after the regulator found evidence of information sharing that may have affected competition.
The latest case underscores growing regulatory concern that data-sharing arrangements, even when mediated through analytics providers, could blur the line between legitimate benchmarking and unlawful coordination.
For the hotel sector, the outcome of the investigation could have significant implications for how pricing data is shared, analysed and used across the industry.
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CMA investigates Hilton, IHG and Marriott over alleged hotel data sharing via STR